REPORT: Anchoring the Asia-Pacific: The U.S.-Japan Alliance in an Era of Strategic Uncertainty

By Emily Sparkman
April 2026

In February 2026, the NCAFP convened experts for a closed-door hybrid discussion to discuss the future of the U.S.-Japan bilateral relations, the growing importance of economic security within the alliance, the role of domestic politics, Japan’s evolving defense posture and strategic autonomy, and the resilience of international institutions during a period of global uncertainty. Participants emphasized the alliance’s operational strength, particularly in the military domain, and identified opportunities for the U.S. and Japan to strengthen their partnership and adapt to emerging challenges. Yet, political uncertainty surrounding the direction of U.S. foreign policy and domestic pressures in both countries have raised new questions about the alliance’s long-term trajectory. Is the alliance still too big to fail?

Read and download the full report below.